1856 2023 1856 19.137 18.625 18.675 19.017 19.936 21.177 22.420 23.124 23.082 22.142 21.057 20.050 1857 19.135 18.417 18.380 18.885 19.712 21.063 22.324 22.917 22.829 21.886 20.757 19.541 1858 18.703 18.165 18.387 19.092 19.836 20.926 22.034 22.851 22.883 22.171 21.202 19.949 1859 18.793 18.361 18.520 19.032 19.836 20.867 22.016 22.987 22.895 22.153 20.989 19.911 1860 19.044 18.371 18.523 18.816 19.921 21.274 22.429 22.966 22.813 22.137 20.925 19.973 1861 18.932 18.377 18.458 19.135 19.949 21.265 22.616 23.231 23.080 22.244 21.151 19.949 1862 18.906 18.325 18.394 18.764 19.575 20.931 21.911 22.664 22.566 21.767 20.585 19.478 1863 18.789 18.447 18.497 18.942 19.782 20.936 21.913 22.634 22.667 21.801 20.761 19.722 1864 18.733 18.138 18.291 18.859 19.834 21.095 22.470 23.284 23.022 22.163 21.129 20.029 1865 19.129 18.744 18.636 18.955 19.790 21.179 22.330 22.977 23.111 22.288 21.157 20.056 1866 18.989 18.671 18.685 19.026 19.936 21.331 22.490 23.195 22.975 22.178 21.209 20.117 1867 19.252 18.779 18.860 19.193 19.921 21.071 22.319 23.009 22.832 22.012 21.057 19.791 1868 19.005 18.629 18.679 19.161 19.954 21.312 22.620 23.145 22.979 21.929 20.891 19.969 1869 18.833 18.593 18.557 19.147 20.052 21.203 22.498 23.079 22.930 22.039 20.906 19.762 1870 18.790 18.513 18.440 18.737 19.743 20.979 22.180 23.047 22.988 22.205 21.126 19.960 1871 18.815 18.388 18.615 19.087 19.917 21.125 22.395 23.007 22.753 21.903 20.951 19.940 1872 18.884 18.455 18.402 18.837 19.953 21.213 22.509 23.336 23.259 22.100 20.924 19.805 1873 19.010 18.516 18.531 18.958 19.730 20.959 22.312 22.999 22.991 22.137 21.021 19.999 1874 19.010 18.401 18.374 18.825 19.797 21.163 22.330 22.943 23.028 22.018 20.905 19.572 1875 18.795 18.583 18.531 18.936 19.949 21.173 22.236 23.050 22.989 22.132 20.907 19.788 1876 18.759 18.444 18.407 18.850 19.716 21.001 22.351 23.137 23.002 22.009 20.887 19.850 1877 18.974 18.680 18.742 19.070 20.047 21.335 22.540 23.330 23.121 22.300 21.274 20.191 1878 19.213 18.861 18.850 19.572 20.320 21.641 22.663 23.557 23.409 22.390 21.348 20.345 1879 19.298 18.908 18.528 18.968 20.043 21.193 22.330 22.988 22.841 22.135 21.047 19.996 1880 19.054 18.536 18.600 18.896 19.661 21.008 22.366 23.078 23.121 22.306 21.129 19.796 1881 19.149 18.659 18.704 19.158 19.918 21.143 22.260 23.024 22.847 22.010 20.679 19.789 1882 18.853 18.441 18.485 18.812 19.677 21.026 22.316 23.052 22.915 22.068 21.003 19.904 1883 18.940 18.379 18.369 18.972 19.845 21.001 22.215 23.005 22.787 21.975 20.986 20.026 1884 19.025 18.405 18.417 18.887 19.768 21.172 22.234 22.983 22.732 21.949 20.658 19.783 1885 18.931 18.598 18.498 18.705 19.656 20.909 22.245 23.111 22.923 22.131 21.015 19.936 1886 19.134 18.685 18.720 19.166 20.060 21.249 22.520 23.065 22.894 22.084 20.994 19.886 1887 18.908 18.475 18.517 18.898 19.875 21.269 22.617 23.210 23.054 22.348 21.197 20.097 1888 19.249 18.742 18.805 19.096 19.969 21.311 22.475 23.161 23.055 22.371 21.149 19.999 1889 19.256 18.819 18.872 19.275 20.143 21.274 22.353 23.100 22.999 22.208 21.187 19.960 1890 19.040 18.579 18.504 18.811 19.686 20.949 22.025 22.707 22.639 22.026 20.742 19.664 1891 18.736 18.482 18.621 19.079 20.014 21.219 22.526 23.111 22.910 22.137 20.779 19.934 1892 19.078 18.693 18.645 18.976 19.710 20.911 22.035 22.908 22.691 21.933 20.743 19.741 1893 18.916 18.519 18.509 18.820 19.706 21.186 22.468 23.179 22.959 22.058 21.046 19.765 1894 18.873 18.410 18.369 18.695 19.487 20.740 22.066 22.782 22.685 21.785 20.713 19.697 1895 18.909 18.496 18.295 18.690 19.641 20.960 22.223 22.928 22.988 22.196 20.920 19.878 1896 18.961 18.615 18.521 19.031 20.107 21.258 22.399 23.105 23.229 22.284 21.075 19.984 1897 19.107 18.715 18.865 19.231 20.013 21.168 22.395 23.043 22.963 22.202 21.017 19.917 1898 19.014 18.642 18.671 19.047 19.943 21.281 22.517 23.167 23.024 22.101 20.904 19.932 1899 18.967 18.536 18.558 19.074 20.058 21.262 22.415 23.300 23.051 22.223 21.236 20.234 1900 19.244 18.794 18.631 19.157 19.857 21.079 22.400 23.034 22.975 22.252 21.085 20.076 1901 19.088 18.781 18.732 19.147 19.944 21.300 22.495 23.219 22.931 22.031 20.964 19.877 1902 18.925 18.564 18.552 18.849 19.774 20.832 22.022 22.868 22.930 22.157 20.929 19.858 1903 19.002 18.652 18.519 18.931 19.723 20.910 22.151 22.597 22.476 21.776 20.808 19.653 1904 18.694 18.227 18.200 18.579 19.471 20.658 21.979 22.695 22.456 21.774 20.850 19.793 1905 18.822 18.420 18.222 18.831 19.807 20.917 22.264 22.902 22.580 21.894 20.782 19.704 1906 18.977 18.572 18.530 18.961 19.712 21.099 22.313 22.982 22.818 22.007 21.035 19.726 1907 18.866 18.257 18.330 18.846 19.725 20.839 22.041 22.734 22.762 21.930 20.827 19.763 1908 18.822 18.376 18.346 18.801 19.713 21.031 22.348 23.059 22.854 22.031 20.902 19.834 1909 18.951 18.468 18.488 18.863 19.872 20.969 22.159 22.970 22.830 22.003 20.768 19.724 1910 18.751 18.362 18.331 18.704 19.540 20.739 22.040 22.796 22.841 21.966 20.984 19.718 1911 18.808 18.363 18.286 18.697 19.540 20.863 22.163 22.993 22.831 22.046 20.834 19.790 1912 18.826 18.358 18.378 18.851 19.771 20.954 22.077 22.666 22.707 21.911 20.844 19.730 1913 18.758 18.408 18.374 18.581 19.440 20.541 21.897 22.628 22.526 21.782 20.613 19.641 1914 18.844 18.304 18.195 18.640 19.628 20.732 21.907 22.695 22.768 22.053 20.887 19.742 1915 18.941 18.508 18.600 19.078 20.155 21.406 22.658 23.280 23.156 22.198 21.067 19.984 1916 19.033 18.529 18.513 18.910 19.915 21.143 22.269 23.054 22.958 22.097 20.836 19.767 1917 18.782 18.281 18.207 18.726 19.645 20.966 22.137 22.882 22.683 21.833 20.760 19.719 1918 18.977 18.458 18.494 18.856 19.663 20.701 21.983 22.686 22.603 21.919 20.783 19.757 1919 18.855 18.577 18.422 18.982 19.740 20.901 22.069 22.888 22.778 22.037 20.858 19.693 1920 18.623 18.236 18.166 18.706 19.655 20.845 22.080 22.779 22.697 21.916 20.661 19.684 1921 18.797 18.368 18.303 18.779 19.660 20.881 22.250 22.839 22.751 22.131 20.829 19.869 1922 18.885 18.403 18.283 18.636 19.595 20.801 21.985 22.779 22.611 21.902 20.743 19.668 1923 18.729 18.187 18.222 18.620 19.635 20.821 22.042 22.665 22.613 21.927 20.881 19.934 1924 18.964 18.451 18.525 18.995 19.964 21.040 22.240 22.956 22.780 21.958 20.783 19.711 1925 18.772 18.342 18.393 18.875 19.843 20.950 22.224 22.964 22.867 22.110 20.929 20.047 1926 19.134 18.762 18.681 19.165 20.049 21.210 22.512 23.150 23.031 22.376 21.130 20.092 1927 19.183 18.734 18.676 19.127 20.117 21.298 22.529 23.258 23.096 22.374 21.243 19.981 1928 19.059 18.566 18.545 18.963 19.945 21.214 22.462 23.205 23.082 22.246 21.058 19.918 1929 19.020 18.563 18.552 19.049 19.821 20.958 22.200 22.952 22.933 22.153 20.998 19.825 1930 18.988 18.491 18.550 18.857 19.823 21.073 22.442 23.178 23.288 22.412 21.268 20.157 1931 19.228 18.735 18.795 19.221 20.162 21.424 22.579 23.263 23.267 22.532 21.176 20.188 1932 19.293 18.902 18.898 19.285 20.094 21.403 22.659 23.502 23.342 22.454 21.258 20.115 1933 19.208 18.831 18.744 19.287 20.234 21.405 22.670 23.399 23.252 22.549 21.203 20.024 1934 19.011 18.488 18.445 18.985 19.833 21.198 22.564 23.200 23.154 22.392 21.143 20.020 1935 19.167 18.545 18.509 19.136 20.089 21.276 22.459 23.128 22.977 22.206 21.149 20.128 1936 19.265 18.828 18.855 19.280 20.118 21.362 22.593 23.339 23.190 22.330 21.151 20.078 1937 19.185 18.771 18.762 19.156 20.084 21.622 23.012 23.719 23.526 22.526 21.390 20.386 1938 19.344 18.839 18.866 19.326 20.159 21.343 22.608 23.429 23.331 22.586 21.455 20.254 1939 19.270 18.769 18.637 19.187 20.064 21.355 22.732 23.456 23.324 22.245 20.987 19.959 1940 19.200 18.500 18.528 19.062 19.963 21.194 22.506 23.242 23.052 22.188 21.010 19.903 1941 19.079 18.791 18.806 19.162 20.002 21.164 22.501 23.418 23.335 22.656 21.538 20.371 1942 19.279 18.898 18.870 19.305 20.176 21.446 22.516 23.288 23.257 22.446 21.345 20.139 1943 19.277 18.799 18.578 18.968 19.847 21.114 22.435 23.162 23.113 22.326 21.295 20.278 1944 19.451 19.023 19.107 19.422 20.266 21.540 22.783 23.593 23.458 22.616 21.427 20.327 1945 19.413 19.058 19.052 19.522 20.287 21.370 22.509 23.259 23.128 22.356 21.343 20.195 1946 19.434 18.903 18.822 19.175 20.070 21.099 22.224 22.991 23.029 22.241 21.096 20.025 1947 18.986 18.588 18.603 19.020 19.829 21.050 22.275 23.059 22.999 22.170 21.211 20.097 1948 19.148 18.691 18.725 19.050 19.982 21.260 22.395 23.139 23.000 22.270 21.302 20.128 1949 19.319 18.881 18.738 19.221 19.966 21.209 22.509 23.266 23.125 22.369 21.278 20.187 1950 19.280 18.691 18.597 18.995 19.934 21.169 22.385 23.187 23.068 22.178 21.253 20.160 1951 19.275 18.725 18.718 19.297 20.168 21.503 22.865 23.473 23.311 22.530 21.350 20.249 1952 19.346 18.912 18.939 19.322 20.178 21.599 22.818 23.576 23.426 22.628 21.429 20.418 1953 19.443 18.917 18.852 19.447 20.343 21.495 22.792 23.434 23.346 22.424 21.425 20.338 1954 19.407 18.831 18.814 19.123 20.073 21.321 22.406 23.164 23.058 22.247 21.157 20.031 1955 19.259 18.778 18.758 19.235 20.182 21.418 22.722 23.355 23.275 22.561 21.573 20.342 1956 19.372 18.835 18.733 19.205 19.951 20.963 22.366 23.085 22.986 22.242 21.103 20.107 1957 19.107 18.637 18.702 19.071 19.890 21.218 22.499 23.388 23.298 22.437 21.276 20.170 1958 19.239 18.935 19.068 19.493 20.215 21.454 22.626 23.350 23.292 22.442 21.380 20.313 1959 19.293 18.863 18.700 19.146 20.024 21.176 22.433 23.203 23.208 22.405 21.248 20.206 1960 19.372 18.968 18.818 19.249 20.322 21.557 22.738 23.529 23.296 22.591 21.450 20.236 1961 19.259 18.835 18.881 19.382 20.215 21.273 22.451 23.232 23.091 22.327 21.269 20.314 1962 19.350 18.908 18.900 19.245 20.047 21.172 22.464 23.136 23.095 22.366 21.251 20.294 1963 19.361 18.925 18.871 19.264 19.942 21.199 22.439 23.128 22.891 22.231 21.150 20.046 1964 19.131 18.783 18.779 19.017 20.070 21.252 22.334 22.970 22.876 22.034 21.044 19.988 1965 19.011 18.587 18.665 19.069 19.934 21.124 22.292 22.997 22.876 22.060 20.937 19.988 1966 19.136 18.777 18.736 19.212 20.036 21.209 22.427 23.166 23.101 22.324 21.219 20.195 1967 19.296 18.857 18.714 19.156 19.851 20.996 22.255 23.048 23.007 22.214 20.984 19.964 1968 18.970 18.574 18.542 19.018 19.917 20.997 22.259 23.001 22.956 22.203 21.113 19.993 1969 19.157 18.879 18.960 19.325 20.053 21.290 22.584 23.117 23.002 22.133 21.099 20.091 1970 19.212 18.729 18.775 19.199 19.999 21.082 22.293 23.080 22.974 22.125 20.986 19.916 1971 18.980 18.488 18.449 18.769 19.722 20.905 22.147 22.788 22.748 22.089 20.986 19.820 1972 18.911 18.403 18.323 18.858 19.583 20.782 22.124 22.843 22.815 22.041 20.955 19.780 1973 18.858 18.393 18.421 18.923 19.886 21.098 22.399 23.096 22.990 22.115 21.026 19.896 1974 18.959 18.506 18.367 18.667 19.558 20.829 21.991 22.765 22.618 21.826 20.813 19.776 1975 18.965 18.454 18.461 18.848 19.672 20.984 22.237 23.050 22.791 21.983 20.900 19.818 1976 18.856 18.354 18.280 18.770 19.575 20.799 22.204 23.053 22.936 22.046 20.828 19.711 1977 18.854 18.465 18.594 18.982 19.897 21.178 22.409 23.096 22.901 22.118 21.104 19.941 1978 19.140 18.654 18.622 19.008 19.866 20.956 22.241 23.018 22.946 22.138 21.131 19.967 1979 19.057 18.653 18.555 18.969 19.955 21.250 22.426 23.133 23.029 22.261 21.169 20.093 1980 19.251 18.730 18.648 19.209 20.205 21.404 22.574 23.274 23.134 22.291 21.060 19.907 1981 19.079 18.635 18.795 19.122 20.000 21.241 22.437 23.144 23.114 22.173 21.128 20.157 1982 19.183 18.740 18.717 19.037 19.895 21.121 22.306 22.953 22.845 21.991 20.850 19.786 1983 18.968 18.718 18.881 19.282 20.041 21.254 22.522 23.106 22.940 22.170 21.112 20.166 1984 19.163 18.736 18.678 19.068 19.927 20.987 22.275 23.042 22.950 22.024 20.849 19.854 1985 18.917 18.498 18.449 18.827 19.758 21.186 22.390 22.988 22.914 22.126 20.980 19.838 1986 18.931 18.554 18.515 18.906 19.869 21.055 22.297 23.000 22.944 22.055 20.881 19.806 1987 18.999 18.615 18.778 19.263 20.168 21.522 22.828 23.555 23.360 22.423 21.211 20.223 1988 19.238 18.718 18.802 19.286 20.239 21.485 22.658 23.267 23.071 22.205 21.133 20.015 1989 19.058 18.678 18.560 18.946 19.956 21.412 22.727 23.390 23.074 22.255 21.133 20.029 1990 18.983 18.675 18.637 19.121 20.046 21.268 22.531 23.332 23.318 22.494 21.232 20.148 1991 19.089 18.722 18.749 19.108 19.954 21.197 22.448 23.173 23.136 22.120 21.026 19.972 1992 19.096 18.747 18.727 19.058 19.887 21.177 22.338 22.903 22.805 22.085 20.955 19.904 1993 19.048 18.657 18.578 19.071 19.948 21.149 22.282 23.057 23.013 22.144 20.973 19.897 1994 18.994 18.537 18.545 19.047 19.907 21.111 22.330 23.053 23.027 22.330 21.275 20.102 1995 19.230 18.808 18.843 19.325 20.387 21.699 22.878 23.474 23.236 22.493 21.423 20.237 1996 19.285 18.818 18.771 19.261 20.053 21.214 22.462 23.285 23.183 22.250 21.125 20.043 1997 19.207 18.817 18.837 19.262 20.161 21.348 22.629 23.311 23.296 22.547 21.353 20.332 1998 19.431 19.147 19.156 19.548 20.508 21.832 23.059 23.811 23.602 22.782 21.622 20.483 1999 19.354 18.916 18.906 19.312 20.289 21.526 22.773 23.608 23.377 22.420 21.259 20.221 2000 19.223 18.823 18.943 19.305 20.235 21.330 22.650 23.407 23.297 22.365 21.257 20.082 2001 19.182 18.837 18.857 19.253 20.123 21.549 22.715 23.485 23.484 22.659 21.469 20.425 2002 19.493 19.032 18.990 19.295 20.087 21.237 22.517 23.416 23.281 22.522 21.335 20.219 2003 19.365 18.857 18.961 19.350 20.289 21.562 22.862 23.728 23.656 22.840 21.542 20.442 2004 19.528 19.082 19.009 19.382 20.146 21.537 22.816 23.632 23.447 22.659 21.542 20.407 2005 19.431 19.001 19.138 19.569 20.437 21.689 23.038 23.758 23.628 22.657 21.464 20.439 2006 19.447 18.953 18.917 19.477 20.455 21.698 22.969 23.722 23.576 22.756 21.616 20.397 2007 19.497 19.098 18.987 19.441 20.261 21.456 22.726 23.379 23.313 22.583 21.506 20.340 2008 19.359 19.012 19.021 19.328 20.324 21.627 22.806 23.502 23.417 22.530 21.334 20.250 2009 19.273 18.723 18.705 19.157 20.094 21.495 22.831 23.482 23.278 22.595 21.405 20.317 2010 19.374 19.067 19.155 19.716 20.617 21.824 23.056 23.858 23.673 22.757 21.574 20.445 2011 19.481 19.000 18.926 19.385 20.312 21.557 22.700 23.482 23.371 22.499 21.270 20.195 2012 19.275 18.899 18.899 19.376 20.327 21.682 22.986 23.769 23.677 22.768 21.509 20.384 2013 19.471 19.013 19.034 19.435 20.267 21.431 22.804 23.535 23.487 22.789 21.475 20.282 2014 19.283 18.858 18.798 19.208 20.167 21.450 22.838 23.678 23.545 22.736 21.414 20.307 2015 19.340 18.899 18.753 19.233 20.216 21.419 22.751 23.524 23.537 22.772 21.538 20.480 2016 19.582 19.061 19.073 19.484 20.518 21.802 23.054 23.805 23.698 22.830 21.745 20.588 2017 19.579 19.135 19.055 19.593 20.491 21.704 22.927 23.661 23.593 22.886 21.709 20.620 2018 19.529 18.974 19.022 19.376 20.179 21.387 22.645 23.467 23.408 22.599 21.240 20.199 2019 19.344 18.995 19.014 19.439 20.270 21.575 22.983 23.695 23.494 22.617 21.473 20.427 2020 19.458 19.273 19.264 19.688 20.452 21.676 22.997 23.808 23.571 22.773 21.502 20.450 2021 19.514 19.082 19.034 19.399 20.283 21.569 22.869 23.631 23.679 22.962 21.837 20.543 2022 19.567 19.079 18.933 19.458 20.411 21.632 22.798 23.747 23.942 22.973 21.677 20.512 2023 19.586 -99.990 -99.990 -99.990 -99.990 -99.990 -99.990 -99.990 -99.990 -99.990 -99.990 -99.990 -99.99 AMO mean from the Kaplan SST V2 (add NOAA ERSST climo for 1951-1980) 19.1508141 18.7056293 18.6840153 19.1065483 19.9731693 21.1917210 22.4205780 23.1472492 23.0381985 22.2477646 21.1523705 20.0510139 climo NOAA ERSST is interpolated to 5x5 Calculated at NOAA PSL1 http://www.psl.noaa.gov/data/timeseries/AMO/