# file: smo_N2O_MM.dat # # Atmospheric measurements of N2O (Nitrous Oxide) # # Measurements are from the NOAA/ESRL/GMD/HATS flask program # (http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/hats/flask/flasks.html). # Instrument ID: Otto # # Location: SMO -- Tutuila, Samoa -- 14.25 S, 170.56 W, 42 m Elev. # See http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/dv/site/site_table.html#hats_flask for # more information about flask sampling sites. # # The data reported are from samples collected approximately once per week in # matching, concurrent, flask pairs and later analyzed on a gas chromatograph # with electron capture detection (GC-ECD) located in Boulder, Colorado, USA. # This system uses two standard reference gases for calibration and has been # in operation since very early in 1995. # # A known, systematic, low-side bias in the N2O measurements performed on Otto # has largely been eliminated since January of 2009. Prior to this date, # offsets are added to these flask data for the purpose of combining them with # baseline N2O data from other monitoring systems (see # http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/hats/ combined/N2O.html). The offsets -- 1.3 ppb # at Samoa and 0.6 ppb elsewhere -- were determined in reference to CATS data # (http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/hats/ insitu/cats) but have not been applied to # the Otto data reported here. # # These data represent monthly mean estimates computed using those data marked # with a 0 in flag column 7 of the companion file named "smo_N2O_All.dat". With # flask samples collected only weekly on average, monthly sampling statistics # are poor at best. As a result, the error reported is either the standard # deviation of the mean or a floor single-sample precision estimate. # # PIs: Dr. James W. Elkins, Dr. Bradley D. Hall, # Debra J. Mondeel, J. David Nance # # National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) # Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL) # 325 Broadway, R/GMD1 # Boulder, CO 80305-3328 # # Email: James.W.Elkins@noaa.gov; Bradley.Hall@noaa.gov # Phone: (303) 497-6224 (303) 497-7011 # # Email: Debra.J.Mondeel@noaa.gov; David.Nance@noaa.gov # Phone: (303) 497-6013 (303) 497-7002 # # Fax: (303) 497-6290 # # Data use policy: # If you use this data in a publication or report, we would appreciate that you # contact the principal investigators (PIs) first and discuss your interests. # The PIs can discuss the quality of the data and any potential problems with # its analysis. Please contact the PIs for more information. The data should # be cited in presentations or publications along the following lines: Nitrous Oxide # data from the NOAA/ESRL halocarbons flask program. # # Calibration scale: NOAA 2006A # See http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccl/scales.html for more information about # calibration scales. # # Units: ppb # # Missing value: "nan" # # Data Columns: # yr Year # mon Month # m Monthly mean concentration of N2O in ppb # sd Standard deviation of the mean (or single-sample precision value) # n Number of samples # N2OottoSMOyr N2OottoSMOmon N2OottoSMOm N2OottoSMOsd N2OottoSMOn 1994 1 nan nan 0 1994 2 nan nan 0 1994 3 nan nan 0 1994 4 nan nan 0 1994 5 nan nan 0 1994 6 nan nan 0 1994 7 nan nan 0 1994 8 nan nan 0 1994 9 nan nan 0 1994 10 nan nan 0 1994 11 308.670 1.296 1 1994 12 nan nan 0 1995 1 310.066 1.704 2 1995 2 309.100 2.754 1 1995 3 310.483 0.643 2 1995 4 310.760 1.596 1 1995 5 311.196 0.705 2 1995 6 310.430 1.767 1 1995 7 310.068 1.435 2 1995 8 310.317 1.201 2 1995 9 309.928 1.052 2 1995 10 309.907 0.919 3 1995 11 311.980 2.118 1 1995 12 310.310 2.010 1 1996 1 310.463 1.155 3 1996 2 nan nan 0 1996 3 310.600 0.925 1 1996 4 310.419 0.577 3 1996 5 310.307 0.679 2 1996 6 310.901 0.389 5 1996 7 310.988 0.794 2 1996 8 311.683 0.746 3 1996 9 311.744 0.530 3 1996 10 311.059 1.064 2 1996 11 311.682 0.714 4 1996 12 311.778 0.428 2 1997 1 311.677 0.610 3 1997 2 312.151 0.273 2 1997 3 311.640 0.442 3 1997 4 312.406 0.556 3 1997 5 311.680 0.284 1 1997 6 311.601 0.531 4 1997 7 312.196 0.355 3 1997 8 312.035 0.606 4 1997 9 311.766 0.555 2 1997 10 311.690 0.314 1 1997 11 311.894 0.495 3 1997 12 312.126 0.611 3 1998 1 312.733 0.616 2 1998 2 311.620 0.524 2 1998 3 311.428 0.274 4 1998 4 311.860 0.481 1 1998 5 311.899 0.296 4 1998 6 311.939 0.594 3 1998 7 312.287 0.906 3 1998 8 311.697 0.419 4 1998 9 312.253 0.511 4 1998 10 312.805 0.933 3 1998 11 313.766 0.419 4 1998 12 313.940 0.693 1 1999 1 313.647 0.544 3 1999 2 313.485 0.384 5 1999 3 313.668 0.619 2 1999 4 314.002 0.402 2 1999 5 313.257 0.474 2 1999 6 313.983 0.427 4 1999 7 313.293 0.674 5 1999 8 313.992 0.378 5 1999 9 313.663 1.075 4 1999 10 313.673 0.280 3 1999 11 313.608 0.477 3 1999 12 314.067 0.735 3 2000 1 314.340 0.384 4 2000 2 314.110 0.705 3 2000 3 314.036 0.436 3 2000 4 313.606 0.681 3 2000 5 314.968 0.796 3 2000 6 314.352 0.703 4 2000 7 313.872 1.060 3 2000 8 314.258 0.478 5 2000 9 314.535 0.894 4 2000 10 315.323 0.912 2 2000 11 314.825 0.471 5 2000 12 314.784 0.382 2 2001 1 314.639 0.794 5 2001 2 314.076 1.007 3 2001 3 314.087 1.086 4 2001 4 313.320 0.399 1 2001 5 314.407 0.361 4 2001 6 314.080 0.679 3 2001 7 314.223 1.341 3 2001 8 314.471 0.961 5 2001 9 314.908 1.170 3 2001 10 314.941 0.602 4 2001 11 315.272 0.873 3 2001 12 315.988 0.375 2 2002 1 315.429 1.109 7 2002 2 315.929 0.397 4 2002 3 315.260 1.046 7 2002 4 314.856 1.017 5 2002 5 314.712 0.913 5 2002 6 315.420 0.576 6 2002 7 315.633 0.454 4 2002 8 315.866 0.508 5 2002 9 315.568 0.815 5 2002 10 315.940 1.375 6 2002 11 316.296 0.905 5 2002 12 315.954 0.525 3 2003 1 315.434 0.750 6 2003 2 314.784 0.457 4 2003 3 316.036 0.836 5 2003 4 316.440 0.619 6 2003 5 315.967 0.750 6 2003 6 316.210 0.394 7 2003 7 316.594 0.559 6 2003 8 316.766 0.397 5 2003 9 316.263 0.548 6 2003 10 316.570 0.493 5 2003 11 316.837 0.335 5 2003 12 316.641 0.608 4 2004 1 316.515 1.464 2 2004 2 316.175 0.543 5 2004 3 316.625 1.017 5 2004 4 316.525 0.829 6 2004 5 316.671 0.400 4 2004 6 316.433 0.385 6 2004 7 316.769 0.448 3 2004 8 316.562 0.505 3 2004 9 316.610 1.058 6 2004 10 316.983 0.740 4 2004 11 317.116 0.689 4 2004 12 316.938 0.411 5 2005 1 317.454 0.537 5 2005 2 317.348 0.425 5 2005 3 317.412 0.620 6 2005 4 317.278 0.440 4 2005 5 317.277 0.510 5 2005 6 317.969 0.530 6 2005 7 317.158 0.640 5 2005 8 317.197 0.665 5 2005 9 317.522 0.395 5 2005 10 317.772 0.564 5 2005 11 318.410 0.654 4 2005 12 318.086 0.433 5 2006 1 318.263 0.603 4 2006 2 318.779 0.664 5 2006 3 318.739 0.596 4 2006 4 318.248 0.454 4 2006 5 318.746 0.647 5 2006 6 318.478 0.600 3 2006 7 318.603 0.455 4 2006 8 318.836 0.422 7 2006 9 318.840 0.487 4 2006 10 318.886 0.394 5 2006 11 319.163 0.457 5 2006 12 319.430 0.559 5 2007 1 318.917 0.438 5 2007 2 319.855 0.531 5 2007 3 319.694 1.192 5 2007 4 319.421 0.788 4 2007 5 318.955 0.567 4 2007 6 319.111 1.014 3 2007 7 318.603 0.540 4 2007 8 319.720 0.595 6 2007 9 320.081 1.164 4 2007 10 320.083 0.765 6 2007 11 319.560 0.689 5 2007 12 319.516 0.744 5 2008 1 319.889 0.696 5 2008 2 320.014 0.399 5 2008 3 320.122 0.611 4 2008 4 320.632 0.791 5 2008 5 320.199 0.567 5 2008 6 319.735 0.444 5 2008 7 320.007 0.577 6 2008 8 320.056 0.456 5 2008 9 320.117 0.433 4 2008 10 320.394 0.513 6 2008 11 320.860 0.554 5 2008 12 320.490 0.366 4 2009 1 320.834 0.435 5 2009 2 320.925 0.662 4 2009 3 321.586 0.498 5 2009 4 321.050 0.511 6 2009 5 321.053 0.672 5 2009 6 320.851 0.559 4 2009 7 320.859 0.492 9 2009 8 321.298 0.525 6 2009 9 321.128 0.418 9 2009 10 320.822 0.386 3 2009 11 321.420 0.763 6 2009 12 321.966 0.513 6 2010 1 321.829 0.503 4 2010 2 322.718 0.661 4 2010 3 321.941 0.352 5 2010 4 nan nan 0 2010 5 nan nan 0 2010 6 322.610 0.527 1 2010 7 321.884 0.554 4 2010 8 322.159 0.364 4 2010 9 323.382 0.370 6 2010 10 322.550 0.509 4 2010 11 323.180 0.663 1 2010 12 322.937 0.489 4 2011 1 323.198 0.340 3 2011 2 323.038 0.487 2 2011 3 323.173 0.429 5 2011 4 323.375 0.445 3 2011 5 323.190 0.470 4 2011 6 322.630 0.471 3 2011 7 322.882 0.702 3 2011 8 323.213 0.948 3 2011 9 323.404 0.812 6 2011 10 323.752 0.422 5 2011 11 324.057 0.581 3 2011 12 324.075 0.430 2 2012 1 324.222 0.668 2 2012 2 324.329 0.709 5 2012 3 324.285 0.882 4 2012 4 324.523 0.410 4 2012 5 324.915 0.877 2 2012 6 324.583 0.733 4 2012 7 324.251 0.423 3 2012 8 324.539 0.471 3 2012 9 324.319 0.522 3 2012 10 324.294 0.380 5 2012 11 324.712 0.491 4 2012 12 324.137 0.563 4 2013 1 324.870 0.814 5 2013 2 324.992 0.443 4 2013 3 324.926 0.545 5 2013 4 325.520 0.742 3 2013 5 325.548 0.705 4 2013 6 325.024 0.418 3 2013 7 325.800 0.453 1 2013 8 325.146 1.062 4 2013 9 nan nan 0 2013 10 325.709 0.571 2 2013 11 325.500 1.266 1 2013 12 nan nan 0 2014 1 nan nan 0 2014 2 nan nan 0 2014 3 nan nan 0 2014 4 nan nan 0 2014 5 nan nan 0 2014 6 nan nan 0 2014 7 nan nan 0 2014 8 nan nan 0 2014 9 nan nan 0 2014 10 nan nan 0 2014 11 nan nan 0 2014 12 nan nan 0 2015 1 nan nan 0 2015 2 nan nan 0 2015 3 nan nan 0 2015 4 nan nan 0 2015 5 nan nan 0 2015 6 nan nan 0 2015 7 nan nan 0 2015 8 nan nan 0 2015 9 nan nan 0 2015 10 nan nan 0 2015 11 nan nan 0 2015 12 nan nan 0 2016 1 nan nan 0 2016 2 nan nan 0 2016 3 nan nan 0 2016 4 nan nan 0 2016 5 nan nan 0 2016 6 nan nan 0 2016 7 nan nan 0 2016 8 nan nan 0 2016 9 nan nan 0 2016 10 nan nan 0 2016 11 nan nan 0 2016 12 nan nan 0