# file: hfm_N2O_MM.dat # # Atmospheric measurements of N2O (Nitrous Oxide) # # Measurements are from the NOAA/ESRL/GMD/HATS flask program # (http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/hats/flask/flasks.html). # Instrument ID: Otto # # Location: HFM -- Harvard Forest, Massachusetts -- 42.54 N, 72.17 W, 340 m Elev. # See http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/dv/site/site_table.html#hats_flask for # more information about flask sampling sites. # # The data reported are from samples collected approximately once per week in # matching, concurrent, flask pairs and later analyzed on a gas chromatograph # with electron capture detection (GC-ECD) located in Boulder, Colorado, USA. # This system uses two standard reference gases for calibration and has been # in operation since very early in 1995. # # A known, systematic, low-side bias in the N2O measurements performed on Otto # has largely been eliminated since January of 2009. Prior to this date, # offsets are added to these flask data for the purpose of combining them with # baseline N2O data from other monitoring systems (see # http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/hats/ combined/N2O.html). The offsets -- 1.3 ppb # at Samoa and 0.6 ppb elsewhere -- were determined in reference to CATS data # (http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/hats/ insitu/cats) but have not been applied to # the Otto data reported here. # # These data represent monthly mean estimates computed using those data marked # with a 0 in flag column 7 of the companion file named "hfm_N2O_All.dat". With # flask samples collected only weekly on average, monthly sampling statistics # are poor at best. As a result, the error reported is either the standard # deviation of the mean or a floor single-sample precision estimate. # # PIs: Dr. James W. Elkins, Dr. Bradley D. Hall, # Debra J. Mondeel, J. David Nance # # National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) # Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL) # 325 Broadway, R/GMD1 # Boulder, CO 80305-3328 # # Email: James.W.Elkins@noaa.gov; Bradley.Hall@noaa.gov # Phone: (303) 497-6224 (303) 497-7011 # # Email: Debra.J.Mondeel@noaa.gov; David.Nance@noaa.gov # Phone: (303) 497-6013 (303) 497-7002 # # Fax: (303) 497-6290 # # Data use policy: # If you use this data in a publication or report, we would appreciate that you # contact the principal investigators (PIs) first and discuss your interests. # The PIs can discuss the quality of the data and any potential problems with # its analysis. Please contact the PIs for more information. The data should # be cited in presentations or publications along the following lines: Nitrous Oxide # data from the NOAA/ESRL halocarbons flask program. # # Calibration scale: NOAA 2006A # See http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccl/scales.html for more information about # calibration scales. # # Units: ppb # # Missing value: "nan" # # Data Columns: # yr Year # mon Month # m Monthly mean concentration of N2O in ppb # sd Standard deviation of the mean (or single-sample precision value) # n Number of samples # N2OottoHFMyr N2OottoHFMmon N2OottoHFMm N2OottoHFMsd N2OottoHFMn 1995 1 nan nan 0 1995 2 nan nan 0 1995 3 nan nan 0 1995 4 nan nan 0 1995 5 nan nan 0 1995 6 nan nan 0 1995 7 nan nan 0 1995 8 nan nan 0 1995 9 311.340 1.022 1 1995 10 nan nan 0 1995 11 310.906 0.852 2 1995 12 nan nan 0 1996 1 310.790 0.858 1 1996 2 312.020 1.481 1 1996 3 nan nan 0 1996 4 313.017 0.700 2 1996 5 312.330 1.940 1 1996 6 312.164 0.778 2 1996 7 nan nan 0 1996 8 313.590 0.597 1 1996 9 312.194 0.557 3 1996 10 311.830 0.623 1 1996 11 312.173 0.717 2 1996 12 nan nan 0 1997 1 312.417 0.616 2 1997 2 312.670 0.660 1 1997 3 313.790 0.506 1 1997 4 312.250 0.783 1 1997 5 312.970 3.807 1 1997 6 313.350 1.446 1 1997 7 312.900 0.544 1 1997 8 312.410 1.626 2 1997 9 313.800 0.900 1 1997 10 313.582 1.131 2 1997 11 nan nan 0 1997 12 313.577 0.521 2 1998 1 315.950 1.063 1 1998 2 314.520 1.061 2 1998 3 nan nan 0 1998 4 313.533 0.757 2 1998 5 314.290 0.668 1 1998 6 315.320 0.458 1 1998 7 314.379 0.853 3 1998 8 312.942 0.695 2 1998 9 314.165 0.550 3 1998 10 314.050 0.514 2 1998 11 314.080 0.996 1 1998 12 314.390 0.699 1 1999 1 314.502 0.443 2 1999 2 316.669 1.136 3 1999 3 314.750 0.799 1 1999 4 314.550 0.606 1 1999 5 315.150 1.329 3 1999 6 314.380 0.434 1 1999 7 314.930 0.332 1 1999 8 nan nan 0 1999 9 315.180 0.555 1 1999 10 nan nan 0 1999 11 315.861 0.329 2 1999 12 315.038 0.816 3 2000 1 315.220 0.395 1 2000 2 315.541 0.564 4 2000 3 315.187 1.145 2 2000 4 315.350 0.898 1 2000 5 316.485 0.937 3 2000 6 316.094 0.729 2 2000 7 315.198 0.350 2 2000 8 315.883 0.943 2 2000 9 314.887 1.025 2 2000 10 315.190 0.670 1 2000 11 316.794 0.665 2 2000 12 316.360 0.635 1 2001 1 316.971 1.902 2 2001 2 316.820 0.757 2 2001 3 315.520 0.872 1 2001 4 315.421 0.551 2 2001 5 316.066 0.969 2 2001 6 316.136 0.503 3 2001 7 315.528 0.624 2 2001 8 314.460 2.164 1 2001 9 315.720 0.652 1 2001 10 316.257 0.512 3 2001 11 316.429 0.424 2 2001 12 317.617 0.573 2 2002 1 316.969 0.581 2 2002 2 318.214 1.457 2 2002 3 316.691 0.639 2 2002 4 316.524 0.542 4 2002 5 316.601 0.443 2 2002 6 317.170 1.605 2 2002 7 317.100 0.628 3 2002 8 316.974 0.461 2 2002 9 316.610 1.039 2 2002 10 317.111 0.476 3 2002 11 317.830 0.595 1 2002 12 317.161 0.610 2 2003 1 316.829 1.492 2 2003 2 317.267 0.778 2 2003 3 318.401 0.523 2 2003 4 319.127 0.650 2 2003 5 318.406 0.938 4 2003 6 318.834 1.200 6 2003 7 317.890 0.535 1 2003 8 318.293 1.195 2 2003 9 317.560 0.522 1 2003 10 318.140 0.648 3 2003 11 318.424 0.714 2 2003 12 318.960 0.334 1 2004 1 318.330 0.749 1 2004 2 317.507 0.990 2 2004 3 318.627 0.828 2 2004 4 318.378 0.371 2 2004 5 319.171 0.492 2 2004 6 318.740 0.406 1 2004 7 318.400 0.467 1 2004 8 317.880 0.513 1 2004 9 317.943 0.671 2 2004 10 318.303 0.529 3 2004 11 318.598 1.144 2 2004 12 nan nan 0 2005 1 319.279 0.530 2 2005 2 319.500 0.405 3 2005 3 319.171 0.584 2 2005 4 319.853 0.361 4 2005 5 319.925 0.756 5 2005 6 320.205 0.701 3 2005 7 319.428 1.117 2 2005 8 319.520 1.187 3 2005 9 319.755 0.755 3 2005 10 320.160 0.615 1 2005 11 319.360 0.745 1 2005 12 319.970 0.712 1 2006 1 321.311 0.606 2 2006 2 320.740 0.560 1 2006 3 321.177 0.948 2 2006 4 320.900 1.013 1 2006 5 321.271 0.763 5 2006 6 320.385 0.812 4 2006 7 320.492 0.519 4 2006 8 320.154 0.600 4 2006 9 320.140 0.756 4 2006 10 320.500 0.609 5 2006 11 320.968 1.271 4 2006 12 320.832 0.544 4 2007 1 320.933 0.413 4 2007 2 321.136 0.595 5 2007 3 320.844 0.950 3 2007 4 321.254 0.508 5 2007 5 320.066 0.492 4 2007 6 320.969 0.547 4 2007 7 320.588 0.379 4 2007 8 321.031 0.697 3 2007 9 321.921 1.159 3 2007 10 321.813 0.939 4 2007 11 321.085 0.460 3 2007 12 320.813 0.431 2 2008 1 321.046 0.511 4 2008 2 321.211 0.443 3 2008 3 321.710 0.688 3 2008 4 320.941 0.536 5 2008 5 321.112 0.583 4 2008 6 322.004 0.963 3 2008 7 321.090 0.456 4 2008 8 321.058 0.528 3 2008 9 322.393 0.783 4 2008 10 321.718 0.796 5 2008 11 322.428 0.590 3 2008 12 323.269 0.721 2 2009 1 322.437 0.414 4 2009 2 322.148 0.370 4 2009 3 322.550 0.390 5 2009 4 322.262 0.456 4 2009 5 322.936 0.456 4 2009 6 323.123 0.436 4 2009 7 323.226 0.464 5 2009 8 322.991 0.791 4 2009 9 322.747 0.464 5 2009 10 323.005 0.623 4 2009 11 322.929 0.406 3 2009 12 323.217 0.480 3 2010 1 323.439 0.615 4 2010 2 323.425 0.383 4 2010 3 323.640 0.456 4 2010 4 323.233 0.711 3 2010 5 323.345 0.849 4 2010 6 323.493 0.705 4 2010 7 324.091 1.411 4 2010 8 323.169 0.596 3 2010 9 323.424 1.591 3 2010 10 324.448 0.581 4 2010 11 324.136 0.644 5 2010 12 324.052 0.456 3 2011 1 324.698 0.571 3 2011 2 324.403 0.649 4 2011 3 324.608 0.917 3 2011 4 325.038 0.574 4 2011 5 324.811 0.517 3 2011 6 324.246 0.686 4 2011 7 324.327 0.601 3 2011 8 324.343 0.568 4 2011 9 324.659 0.569 5 2011 10 325.549 0.368 4 2011 11 325.293 0.871 5 2011 12 325.930 0.640 2 2012 1 325.334 0.373 4 2012 2 325.390 0.435 3 2012 3 325.445 0.507 3 2012 4 325.492 0.354 5 2012 5 326.201 0.786 4 2012 6 325.779 1.032 2 2012 7 325.599 1.035 4 2012 8 325.255 0.415 3 2012 9 325.418 0.428 3 2012 10 325.719 0.536 3 2012 11 326.019 0.645 3 2012 12 325.370 0.475 2 2013 1 327.384 1.803 2 2013 2 326.200 0.425 4 2013 3 326.264 0.819 2 2013 4 326.974 0.928 4 2013 5 327.558 2.015 2 2013 6 326.510 0.601 1 2013 7 327.623 0.674 4 2013 8 325.929 0.936 4 2013 9 nan nan 0 2013 10 326.300 8.030 1 2013 11 nan nan 0 2013 12 nan nan 0 2014 1 nan nan 0 2014 2 nan nan 0 2014 3 nan nan 0 2014 4 nan nan 0 2014 5 nan nan 0 2014 6 nan nan 0 2014 7 nan nan 0 2014 8 nan nan 0 2014 9 nan nan 0 2014 10 nan nan 0 2014 11 nan nan 0 2014 12 nan nan 0 2015 1 nan nan 0 2015 2 nan nan 0 2015 3 nan nan 0 2015 4 nan nan 0 2015 5 nan nan 0 2015 6 nan nan 0 2015 7 nan nan 0 2015 8 nan nan 0 2015 9 nan nan 0 2015 10 nan nan 0 2015 11 nan nan 0 2015 12 nan nan 0 2016 1 nan nan 0 2016 2 nan nan 0 2016 3 nan nan 0 2016 4 nan nan 0 2016 5 nan nan 0 2016 6 nan nan 0 2016 7 nan nan 0 2016 8 nan nan 0 2016 9 nan nan 0 2016 10 nan nan 0 2016 11 nan nan 0 2016 12 nan nan 0