About Mauna Loa

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Data

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GMD Site Description: MLO
Mauna Loa, Hawaii, United States [MLO]

Location

  • Country: United States Country Flag
  • Latitude: 19.5362° North
  • Longitude: 155.5763° West
  • Elevation: 3397.00 masl
  • Time Zone: Local Time + 10 hour(s) = UTC

Contact

  • Contact Name: John Barnes
  • Address: NOAA - Mauna Loa Observatory
    1437 Kilauea Ave. #102
    Hilo, Hawaii, 96720, United States
  • Phone: (808)933-6965
  • Fax: (808)933-6967

Data


Description
Mauna Loa Observatory is located on the Island of Hawaii at an elevation of 3397 m on the northern flank of Mauna Loa volcano at 200 north. Established in 1957, Mauna Lao Observatory has grown to become the premier long-term atmospheric monitoring facility on earth and is the site where the ever-increasing concentrations of global atmospheric carbon dioxide were determined. The observatory consists of 10 buildings from which up to 250 different atmospheric parameters are measured by a complement of 12 NOAA/ESRL and other agency scientists and engineers.

GMD Projects at Mauna Loa, Hawaii

Carbon Cycle Surface Flasks

Parameter Formula First Sample Date Most Recent Sample Date
Carbon Dioxide CO2 1969-08-20 Ongoing
Methane CH4 1983-05-06 Ongoing
Carbon Monoxide CO 1989-07-07 Ongoing
Molecular Hydrogen H2 1989-07-07 Ongoing
Nitrous Oxide N2O 1997-05-09 Ongoing
Sulfur Hexafluoride SF6 1997-05-09 Ongoing
Carbon-13/Carbon-12 in Carbon Dioxide d13C (CO2) 1990-01-12 Ongoing
Oxygen-18/Oxygen-16 in Carbon Dioxide d18O (CO2) 1990-01-12 Ongoing
Carbon-13/Carbon-12 in Methane d13C (CH4) 1998-01-02 Ongoing
D/H in Methane dD (CH4) 2005-04-06 Ongoing
Methyl Chloride CH3Cl 2005-08-10 Ongoing
Benzene C6H6 2007-01-10 Ongoing
toluene C7H8 2007-01-10 Ongoing
ethane C2H6 2005-08-10 Ongoing
ethene C2H4 2005-08-10 Ongoing
propane C3H8 2005-08-10 Ongoing
propene C3H6 2005-08-10 Ongoing
i-butane i-C4H10 2005-08-10 Ongoing
n-butane n-C4H10 2005-08-10 Ongoing
i-pentane i-C5H12 2005-10-12 Ongoing
n-pentane n-C5H12 2005-08-10 Ongoing
n-hexane n-C6H14 2005-08-10 Ongoing
wind speed 1992-07-01 Ongoing
wind direction 1992-07-01 Ongoing
ambient temperature 1992-11-27 2004-09-22
isoprene C5H8 2007-01-10 Ongoing

Carbon Cycle In Situ Observatory

Parameter Formula First Sample Date Most Recent Sample Date
Carbon Dioxide CO2 1974-05-17 Ongoing
Methane CH4 1987-04-03 Ongoing
Carbon Monoxide CO 1992-05-30 Ongoing

HATS Flask Sampling

HATS In Situ Observatory

Parameter Formula First Sample Date Most Recent Sample Date
Nitrous Oxide N2O 1998-11-28 Ongoing
Sulfur Hexafluoride SF6 1998-11-28 Ongoing
HCFC-22 CHF2Cl 1998-11-28 Ongoing
CFC-12 CCl2F2 1999-05-02 Ongoing
Methyl Chloride CH3Cl 1999-04-23 Ongoing
HCFC-142b CH3CF2Cl 1998-11-28 Ongoing
Halon-1211 CBrClF2 1998-11-28 Ongoing
CFC-113 CCl2FCClF2 1998-11-28 Ongoing
carbon tetrachloride CCl4 1998-11-28 Ongoing
Methyl Chloroform CH3CCl3 1998-11-28 Ongoing
CFC-11 CCl3F 1999-06-25 Ongoing

Aerosol Surface, Continuous Measurements

Parameter Formula First Sample Date Most Recent Sample Date
Light Scattering Coefficient σsp 1974-01-01 Ongoing
Light Absorption Coefficient σap 1990-01-01 Ongoing
Particle Number Concentration Nt 1974-01-01 Ongoing

Radiation In-Situ Observatory

Parameter Formula First Sample Date Most Recent Sample Date
Direct Beam 1976-01-01 Ongoing
Shortwave Global 1976-01-01 Ongoing
Diffuse 1976-01-01 Ongoing
Downward Longwave 1993-10-31 Ongoing

Surface Ozone

Parameter Formula First Sample Date Most Recent Sample Date
Ozone O3 1973-09-20 Ongoing

Dobson Total Ozone

Parameter Formula First Sample Date Most Recent Sample Date
Ozone O3 1963-12-26 Ongoing

Trajectories

Lidar

Meteorology

Parameter Formula First Sample Date Most Recent Sample Date
Wind Speed 10 Meters 2008-01-01 Ongoing
Wind Direction 10 Meters 2008-01-01 Ongoing
Wind Speed Top 2008-01-01 Ongoing
Wind Direction Top 2008-01-01 Ongoing
Barometric Pressure 2008-01-01 Ongoing
Relative Humidity 2 Meters 2008-01-01 Ongoing
Temperature 2 Meters 2008-01-01 Ongoing
Temperature 10 Meters 2008-01-01 Ongoing
temperature Top 2008-01-01 Ongoing
Precipitation 2008-01-01 Ongoing

Dobson Umkehr Ozone

Parameter Formula First Sample Date Most Recent Sample Date
Ozone O3 1963-12-26 Ongoing